The study looked at the employment outcomes between European American and Hispanic clients. In FY 2005, 2961 European Americans with TBI (55%) were closed in status 26 (competitive employment) and 2443 (45%) were closed in status 28 (unemployment). In comparison, 214 Hispanics with TBI (49%) were closed in status 26 and 223 (51%) were closed in status 28. The study also examined the effect of demographic and case service variables on employment outcomes. Significant predictors included: sex, age, education, receiving work disincentives and co-occurring alcohol or other drug abuse. The following VR services were found to be statistically significant as they improved the odds of obtaining competitive employment: substantial counseling, university training vocational training, job search assistance, job placement assistance, on-the-job support, maintenance, and assistive technology.

Most notably, clients who received job placement assistance and on-the-job supports were twice as likely to be successfully employed. In addition, transportation was found to be a significant risk indicator. Those who needed transportation services during the rehabilitation process had a reduction in odds of obtaining competitive employment. Hispanic clients who had work disincentives, who needed a comprehensive assessment to determine service needs, and who received physical or mental rehabilitation services had significantly lower odds of obtaining employment than did European American clients who received the same services And those in either group who did not need these services. Conversely, Hispanic clients who received technical assistance services were five times more likely to become competitively employed. There was no significant difference between European American and Hispanic clients in their odds of receiving substantial counseling, university training, job search assistance, job placement assistance, and assistive technology services. Hispanic clients were 1.5 times more likely to receive vocational training than were European American clients; 1.6 times more likely to receive transportation services than were European American clients ; and were times more likely to receive maintenance services than were European American clients. However, Hispanic clients had a reduction in odds of receiving on-the-job support services than did European American clients, the most significant predictor of successful employment outcomes.